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    <Title>AWI Permafrost Web Map Service (WMS)</Title>
    <Abstract>This web map service (WMS) provides data of the Permafrost Section at the Alfred Wegener Institute,  (AWI), Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research. The layer ‘tcvis’ visualizes land surface changes at the pan-arctic scale. For a description see the abstract of the layer. Further layers may follow shortly.</Abstract>
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        <ContactPerson>Andreas Walter</ContactPerson>
        <ContactOrganization>Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research</ContactOrganization>
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        <Address>Am Handelshafen 12</Address>
        <City>Bremerhaven</City>
        <StateOrProvince>Bremen</StateOrProvince>
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        <Country>Germany</Country>
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      <Abstract>This web map service (WMS) provides data of the Permafrost Section at the Alfred Wegener Institute,  (AWI), Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research. The layer ‘tcvis’ visualizes land surface changes at the pan-arctic scale. For a description see the abstract of the layer. Further layers may follow shortly.</Abstract>
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          <Keyword>Last Modified: 2025-09-23T07:20:52</Keyword>
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        <KeywordList>
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          <Keyword>Tasseled Cap visualisation</Keyword>
          <Keyword>Last Modified: 2025-07-24T10:39:54</Keyword>
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        <Abstract>This layer provides information on land surface changes at the pan-arctic scale. Multispectral Landsat-5 TM, Landsat-7 ETM+, and Landsat-8 OLI imagery (cloud-cover less than 80%, months July and August) was used for detecting disturbance trends (associated with abrupt permafrost degradation) between 2003 and 2022. In order to obtain robust trend parameters, the well-established Tasseled Cap transform was applied deriving multispectral indices for changes in Greenness, Wetness, and Brightness. Features detected include coastal erosion, lake drainage, infrastructure expansion, and fires. The service covers, up to 81° North: Alaska (USA), Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia, Mongolia, and China. For Russia and China, regions not containing permafrost were excluded. The data has been processed in Google Earth Engine within the research projects ERC PETA-CARB, ESA CCI+ Permafrost, and EU Arctic PASSION. The webservice is a contribution to the ‘Panarctic requirements-driven Permafrost Service’, service 2 of the Arctic PASSION project (https://arcticpassion.eu/), grant agreement No. 101003472. In the false color composite (default style) changes in the Tasseled Cap indices Brightness, Greenness, and Wetness are displayed in the image bands red, green, and blue, respectively. Here, coastal erosion (a trend of a land surface transitioning to a water surface) is depicted in dark blue colors, while coastal accretion (a trend of a water surface transitioning to a land surface) is depicted in bright orange colors. Drained lakes appear in bright yellow or orange colors, depending on the soil conditions and vegetation regrowth. Fire scars are a further common feature, which can appear in different colors, depending on the time of the fire and pre-fire land cover. In the style named ‘composite_enhanced’, a contrast enhancement is applied to the data. Additional styles are available that visualize the changes in the individual indices with black (prefixed ‘black_’) or white (prefixed ‘white_’) indicating little or no change.</Abstract>
        <KeywordList>
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          <Keyword>Tasseled Cap visualisation</Keyword>
          <Keyword>Last Modified: 2025-07-24T10:39:55</Keyword>
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            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=85&amp;height=100&amp;layer=tcvis_2003_2022&amp;style=white_wetness"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>black_wetness</Name>
          <Title>Wetness (dark mode)</Title>
          <LegendURL width="85" height="100">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=85&amp;height=100&amp;layer=tcvis_2003_2022&amp;style=black_wetness"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>white_greenness</Name>
          <Title>Greenness (light mode)</Title>
          <LegendURL width="85" height="100">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=85&amp;height=100&amp;layer=tcvis_2003_2022&amp;style=white_greenness"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>black_brightness</Name>
          <Title>Brightness (dark mode)</Title>
          <LegendURL width="85" height="100">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=85&amp;height=100&amp;layer=tcvis_2003_2022&amp;style=black_brightness"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>black_greenness</Name>
          <Title>Greenness (dark mode)</Title>
          <LegendURL width="85" height="100">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=85&amp;height=100&amp;layer=tcvis_2003_2022&amp;style=black_greenness"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>composite</Name>
          <Title>composite</Title>
          <LegendURL width="166" height="150">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=166&amp;height=150&amp;layer=tcvis_2003_2022&amp;style=composite"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>generic</Name>
          <Title>Generic</Title>
          <Abstract>Generic style</Abstract>
          <LegendURL width="20" height="20">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=20&amp;height=20&amp;layer=tcvis_2003_2022&amp;style=generic"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
      </Layer>
      <Layer queryable="1" opaque="0">
        <Name>tcvis_2005_2024</Name>
        <Title>Pan-Arctic Visualization of Landscape Change, Permafrost Service (2005-2024)</Title>
        <Abstract>This layer provides information on land surface changes at the pan-arctic scale. Multispectral Landsat-5 TM, Landsat-7 ETM+, Landsat-8 OLI and Landsat-9 OLI-2 imagery (cloud-cover less than 70%, months July and August) was used for detecting disturbance trends (associated with abrupt permafrost degradation) between 2005 and 2024. In order to obtain robust trend parameters, the well-established Tasseled Cap transform was applied deriving multispectral indices for changes in Greenness, Wetness, and Brightness. Features detected include coastal erosion, lake drainage, infrastructure expansion, and fires. The service covers, up to 81° North: Alaska (USA), Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia, Mongolia, and China. For Russia and China, regions not containing permafrost were excluded. The data has been processed in Google Earth Engine within the research projects ERC PETA-CARB, ESA CCI+ Permafrost, and EU Arctic PASSION. The webservice is a contribution to the ‘Panarctic requirements-driven Permafrost Service’, service 2 of the Arctic PASSION project (https://arcticpassion.eu/), grant agreement No. 101003472. In the false color composite (default style) changes in the Tasseled Cap indices Brightness, Greenness, and Wetness are displayed in the image bands red, green, and blue, respectively. Here, coastal erosion (a trend of a land surface transitioning to a water surface) is depicted in dark blue colors, while coastal accretion (a trend of a water surface transitioning to a land surface) is depicted in bright orange colors. Drained lakes appear in bright yellow or orange colors, depending on the soil conditions and vegetation regrowth. Fire scars are a further common feature, which can appear in different colors, depending on the time of the fire and pre-fire land cover. In the style named ‘composite_enhanced’, a contrast enhancement is applied to the data. Additional styles are available that visualize the changes in the individual indices with black (prefixed ‘black_’) or white (prefixed ‘white_’) indicating little or no change.</Abstract>
        <KeywordList>
          <Keyword>landscape change</Keyword>
          <Keyword>Tasseled Cap visualisation</Keyword>
          <Keyword>Last Modified: 2025-07-24T10:39:55</Keyword>
        </KeywordList>
        <CRS>EPSG:3857</CRS>
        <CRS>CRS:84</CRS>
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          <westBoundLongitude>-179.99920640322182</westBoundLongitude>
          <eastBoundLongitude>179.99920640322182</eastBoundLongitude>
          <southBoundLatitude>26.999825918992848</southBoundLatitude>
          <northBoundLatitude>81.00004065790144</northBoundLatitude>
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        <Style>
          <Name>composite_enhanced</Name>
          <Title>composite (contrast enhanced)</Title>
          <LegendURL width="166" height="150">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=166&amp;height=150&amp;layer=tcvis_2005_2024"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>white_brightness</Name>
          <Title>Brightness (light mode)</Title>
          <LegendURL width="85" height="100">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=85&amp;height=100&amp;layer=tcvis_2005_2024&amp;style=white_brightness"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>white_wetness</Name>
          <Title>Wetness (light mode)</Title>
          <LegendURL width="85" height="100">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=85&amp;height=100&amp;layer=tcvis_2005_2024&amp;style=white_wetness"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>black_wetness</Name>
          <Title>Wetness (dark mode)</Title>
          <LegendURL width="85" height="100">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=85&amp;height=100&amp;layer=tcvis_2005_2024&amp;style=black_wetness"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>white_greenness</Name>
          <Title>Greenness (light mode)</Title>
          <LegendURL width="85" height="100">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=85&amp;height=100&amp;layer=tcvis_2005_2024&amp;style=white_greenness"/>
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        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>black_brightness</Name>
          <Title>Brightness (dark mode)</Title>
          <LegendURL width="85" height="100">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=85&amp;height=100&amp;layer=tcvis_2005_2024&amp;style=black_brightness"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>black_greenness</Name>
          <Title>Greenness (dark mode)</Title>
          <LegendURL width="85" height="100">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=85&amp;height=100&amp;layer=tcvis_2005_2024&amp;style=black_greenness"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>composite</Name>
          <Title>composite</Title>
          <LegendURL width="166" height="150">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=166&amp;height=150&amp;layer=tcvis_2005_2024&amp;style=composite"/>
          </LegendURL>
        </Style>
        <Style>
          <Name>generic</Name>
          <Title>Generic</Title>
          <Abstract>Generic style</Abstract>
          <LegendURL width="20" height="20">
            <Format>image/png</Format>
            <OnlineResource xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://maps.awi.de/services/common/permafrost/ows?service=WMS&amp;version=1.3.0&amp;request=GetLegendGraphic&amp;format=image%2Fpng&amp;width=20&amp;height=20&amp;layer=tcvis_2005_2024&amp;style=generic"/>
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</WMS_Capabilities>
